Absorption refrigerating system



June 6, 1933- M 'u AL Re. 18,859

ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Original Filed Nov. 20, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS.

Guido Maiuri B Raoul Felice Bossini ATTORNEY.

June 6, 1933- e. MAIURI Er AL 18,359

- ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Original Filed Nov. 20, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ii I 530 I F- rr 50 49 /0 27 i 25 2 s3 s4 INVENTORS. Guido Maiuri Raoul Flice Bossini Y ATTORNEY.

Reissuecl June 6, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE GUIDO MATUBI AND RAOUL FELICE- BOSSINI, bl LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOBS,-BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T'O ELECTROLUX SERVED CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK,

N. 'Y., A, CORPORATION or DELAWARE ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Original No. 1,798,946, dated March 31, 1931, Serial No; 496,895 filed November 20,1930, and in Great Britain April 13, 1929. Application for'reissue filed January 25, 1933. Serial No. 653,488.

This invention relates to refrigerating systems of the absorption type and more particularly to a method of and apparatus for effecting circulation between the generator and absorber of a continuous absorptlon refrigerating system having all parts in open communication and operated solely by heat. In general the object ofthe invention is to improve liquid circulation in absorption 10 type refrigerating apparatus.

- In apparatus of the type above referred to, circulation of liquid is usually effected by thermosiphonic action, for example by the provision of a heat pump utilizing the ex pulsion of refrigerant vapor to lift liquid in 1 an ascending pipe. Heretofore the heating of-thermosiphons has not been regulable independently of the control of the generator heating, whereas, this invention contem plates a separately controlled individual heating means for the thermosiphon element whereby, due to the independent control, im roved circulation of absorption liquidis o tained. 1

According'to this inventon weak absorp tion liquid from the boiler is subjected to further heating to lift the liquid to a higher level from which it flows to the absorber by gravity. The weak absorption liquid may be heated in successive stages and, furthermore, the circulation of liquid may be controlled by regulating the heat to which the Weak liquid is subjected. This invention also contemplates the lifting of weak absorption'liquid by ebullition of the liquid after thermal expulsion of refrigerant vapor therefrom.

This invention will be readily understoodby referring to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which,

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic viewin vertical section of a refrigerating system contemplated by this invention; and

Fig. 2,-a diagrammatic view in vertical section of a refrigerating system including the generator shown in Fig.1 modified .according to this invention.

.Referring to Fig. 1, a generator 10 containing a solution of ammonia and water is gasmixture leaves the evaporator through conduit 17 and passes through a heat exchanger 18 in heat exchange relation with the inert gas flowing through conduit 16. -From the heat exchanger 18 the gas mixture passes into the absorber 19 where the ammonia vapor is absorbed by the weak absorp-' tion liquid and the inert gas leaves by conduit 20 and returns through the outer jacket of rectifier 12 back to the conduit 16.

Circulation of the inert gas is effected in a known manner by heating the ascending column of gas in the rectifier 12 and cooling the descending column of gas in the conduit 16.

The ascending column of gas is heated by the hot ammonia vapor from the generator 10 and the descending column of gas is cooled first by water from conduit 21 flowing in jacket 22 around the conduit 16 and going to waste through conduit 23, and then by the cold gas mixture from the evaporator passing through the jacket18 around the conduit 16. small pipe 24 is provided to remove any vapor condensed in conduit 16 and to conduct the same to absorber 19.

The strong liquor from the absorber 19'is returned to the generator through conduit 25 in heat exchange relation with the weak liquor being supplied to the absorber from the generator through conduit 26, jacket 27,

and conduit 28 which communicates with the I upper part of the absorber coil 29 which acts as the cooling surface of the absorber. The absorber is cooled by water from conduit 30 flowing around the coil 29 in jacket 31, then discharging through conduit 21. r

A secondary generatorAO may be heated by a heating element 41 and is connected to the bottom of the main generator by conduit 42 and communicates at its upper portion with the vapor space in the main generator through conduit 43. Weak liquor is lifted to a higher level in chamber 44 of this secondary generator throughconduit 45in a well known manner due to formation of gas by the heat from heating element 41. In secondary generator 46 heated by a heating element 47 weak absorption liquid from chamber 44 in the first secondary generator 40 is lifted through conduit 50 to a still higher level in chamber 48 due to formation of gas by heat from heating element 47, from which the weak liquor flows to the absorber through conduit 26. The pressures in the conduit 51 to the rectifier.

generators are equal but the liquid becomes successively weaker in each succeeding generator and the percentage of absorption liq uid which evaporates in each generator corresponds to the strength of the liquid therein and is greatest in the generator in which the liquid is weakest.- The raising of the level of the absorption liquid'in the secondary generators is accomplished by the thermosiphonic action of both the rising ammonia vapor driven out of solution b ,heat and vapor.

produced by ebullition o the absorption liquid; r

In the last secondary generator the absorption liquid may be so weak that the vapors evolved comprises arelativeiy high percentage of absorption liquid vapor, in which case it may be desirable to convey the .vapor issuing from the conduit in the last generator 46 directly into theabsorber instead of allowing it to ass through the is may be done as shown .in Fig. 2which shows the main generator .and secondary generators of Fig.1 modified and connected in the same system shown in Fig. 1. The upper part of chamber 48 of the last secondary generator 46 is not connected to the vaponspace above the main generator 38 but is connected through a conduit 52 directly to the absorber 19. The-liq,- uid circulation between the absorber and the generator may be controlled by regulat ing the heating of the secondary generators. In this modification electric heating elements 52, 53, andf54 are shown for heating the generators, instead of gas burners as in Fig. 1,

. and are separately controlledby rheostats 55,

55 56, anda57 respectively.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes may be made in the construction. and arrangement without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore the invention is not limited to What is shown in the drawings and described .in the specification but only as indicated-in the appended claims.

We claim: I 1. In a refrigerating system of the absorption type the method of circulating liquid tion type the method of circulating liquid between the generator and absorber which comprises, separating weak absorption liquid from the generator, heating the weak absorption liquid thus separated to expel refrigerant vapor therefrom to raise the level thereof, conducting the vapor thus expelled into the presence of vapor expelled in the generator, further heating the'weak absorption liquid to further raise the level thereof, conducting vapor resulting from the last heating to the absorber, conducting the weak absorption liquid to the absorber by gravity, and returning the enriched absorption liquid from the absorber to the generator by gravity.

3. An absorption refrigerating apparatus having all parts in open fiuid communication including a generator containing a solution of refrigerant in an absorption liquid, heating means for said generator to expel refrigerant vapor from the solution contained therein, a condenser for liquefying the refrigerant vapor thus expelled, a refrigerating element, means for conducting liquid refrigerant from the condenser to said element, an absorber, means for conducting vaporized re frigerant from said element to said absorber, a plurality of thermosiphon pumps for successively raising the level of the weak absorption liquid from said generator, separate heating means for each of said pumps, a conduit for weak absorption liquid from said pumps to the absorber, a conduit for refrigerant vapor from said pumps to the condenser, and an enriched absorption liquid return connection from the absorber to the generator.

4. Absorption refrigerating apparatus of the pressure equalized'type including a generator, an absorber, a thermosiphon pump from the generator, separate heating means for said generator and said pump, means for conducting refrigerant vapor from said pump ion for raising the level of weak absorption liquid into the presence of vapor expelled in the generator, a, heat pump for further raising the weak absorption liquid by ebullition thereof, heating means for last said pump, means for conducting vapor from last said pump to the absorber, a conduit for conducting weak absorption liquid raised by last said pump to the absorber, and means for returning enriched absorption liquid'from the absorber to the generator.

5. In absorption type refrigerating appara-" tus having a generator and absorber interconnected for the circulation of absorption liquid therebetween, a thermosiphon element in the path. of circulation from the generator to the absorber, separately controlled individual heating means for the generator and said element, and means to conduct vapor produced in said element into the presence of vapor from the generator.

6. Refrigerating apparatus including a generator, an absorber, a thermosiphon element having separate lower and upper chambers connected by a thermosiphon conduit, separately controlled individual heating means for the generator and said element, means to conduct absorption liquid in series through the absorber, the generator, the lower and upper chambers respectively, and means to conduct vapor from said upper, chamber into the presence of vapor from the generator.

7. In absorption type refrigerating apparatus having a generator and absorber inter- I connected for the circulation of absorption liquid therebetween, a plurality of thermosiphon elements in series in the path of circulation between said generator and absorber, means to conduct vapor produced in one of said elements into the presence of vapor from the generator, and means to conduct vapor produced in another of said elements to the absorber.

8. Refrigerating apparatus including a generator, an absorber, a plurality of thermosiphon elements each having separate lower and upper chambers connected by a thermosiphon conduit, means to conduct absorption liquid in series through theabsorber, the generator, the lower chamber of one of the thermosiphon elements, the upper chamber of said one of the thermosiphon elements, the lower chamber of another of the thermosiphon elements, and the upper chamber of the lastsaid thermosiphon element, and means to conduct vapor from the upper chambers of the thermosiphon elements.

9. Refrigerating apparatus including a generator, an absorber, a'plurality of thermosiphon elements each having separate lower and upper chambers connected by a thermosiphon conduit, means to conduct liquid in series through the absorber, the generator,

' the lower chamber of one of the thermosiphon elements, the upper chamber of said one of the thermosiphon elements, the lower chamber of another of the thermosiphon elements, and the upper chamber of the last said thermosiphon element, separately controlled individual heating means for the generator and each of said thermosiphon elements, and means to conduct vapor from the upper chambers of the thermosiphon elements.

10'. Refrigerating apparatus including a generator, an absorber, a plurality of thermosiphon elements each having se arate lower and upper chambers connecte by a thermosiphon conduit, means to conduct liquid in series through the absorber, the generator, the lower chamber of one of the thermosiphon elements, the upper chamber 'of said one of the thermosiphon elements, the

'lower chamber of another of the thermosiphon elements and the upper chamber of the last said thermosiphon element, separately controlled individual heating means for the generator and each of said thermosiphon elements, means to conduct vapor from the upper chamber of one of. said elements into the presence of vapor from the generator, and means to conduct vapor from the upper chamber to another of said elementsto the absorber.

GUIDO MAIURI.

RAOUL FELIOE BOSS-INI.

Ian 

